Media in Court Cases

Media in court cases has many effects. One of which is the possibility that the Medias opinion may result in tainting the jury with unproven facts. As humans we make decisions based on how we perceive the world and the information we have on decision we are going to make. Pre-Trial Publicity â€Å"Due to extensive media coverage, jury selection in a high profile case can be extremely difficult. Jurors will likely have developed some biases about the case based on the media coverage to which they have been exposed†( â€Å"Media Influence In Capital Cases†,  2011).Under the 6th amendment you have the right to a fair trial by an impartial jury of your peers. That becomes extremely difficult and possibly impossibly when the media open a flood gate of â€Å"facts† and opinions before the case has even begun. In some instances they have to relocate to court case to an area where the media coverage of the case has not been so rampant just too find impartial jurors. Wh ich just increase the cost of the court case. Not only can media influence the opinion of the jury but also the public.During the Casey Anthony case the media had a barrage of legal professionals condemning this women before the final verdict was concluded. TIME magazine called it† The Social Media Trial of the Century† (Varma,  2011). No matter what the outcome of the case that person will never have a normal life. â€Å"According to data  from  NM  Incite,  64  percent  of  people  on  Twitter  disagreed  with  the  Ã¢â‚¬ not  guilty†Ã‚  verdict,  while  only  1% agreed (35% were neutral)†( Varma,  2011).Because of media allowed in courts this woman is considered guilty by 64% of people, even though she was found not guilty. References Media Influence in Capital Cases. (2011). Retrieved from http://www. capitalpunishmentincontext. org/issues/media Varma, A. (2011). Twitter: Only 1% Think Casey Anthony Innocent. Retrie ved from http://www. socialnomics. net/2011/07/08/twitter-only-1-think-casey-anthony-innocent/

A Knights Tale

a knights tale [pic] â€Å"A knight’s tale† is a movie that was based in the medieval time. The movie focussed on jousting and gives us an outlook on medieval time. This essay about the movie will explain what is fact or fiction. The topics that will be covered are; songs in the movie, Dancing, jousting, transport and hair style. Hair styles in the movie are like some of them from the medieval times but most of the hairstyles in the movie are modern hairstyles.Such as, people in medieval times use to were these head dresses and they couldn’t dye their hair all these different colours like modern day people can because they didn’t have the materials to dye hair. Music in this film was modern, an example includes the song ‘we will rock you’ by Queen however, in the proper medieval times music was played at dinner time and at parties. They used to play little songs about kings and adventurers.Jousting in the medieval time was pretty dangerous and when you fall off the house the jouster’s would have to sword fight till one of the knights would yield but in the movie the characters just kept jousting until one of them got hit off the horse then the other person won the tournament or every time one of them got hit one of the people put a stick in with a white bit of cotton In this wood thing so u could keep score of how many times they got hit and if they get to 5 the guy that hits the other dude 5 time wins.In the movie a knight’s tale at the start they were on a boat that was connected to a chain an people on the other side of the river were pulling the chain to make the boat come across the water but in medieval time they would have used ores to paddle across the water instead of peasants pulling the boat/ barge and only rich people have horses because they cost a lot. Most people in the medieval times would wear woollen clothing with ndergarments made of linen. Brighter colours better materials and a longer j acket length were usually signs of greater wealth. But in the movie clothing was a bit modern that they made look like it was from back then. In conclusion the movie a knight’s tale was mostly a fairly modern movie with a bit of real things that did happen back in the day like getting hanged and locked up in cages and there was jousting, sword fighting and some other things like that

“Tis in ourselves that we are thus or thus” – Shakespeare – Othello, Act 1 Scene 3

The concept of fate and destiny has fascinated humans for centuries. The idea that our lives are preordained and ‘set in the stars' has seemed to be an easy stance to take on ones life, especially when it does not take us in the route we desire. The Greek's were a nation obsessed with fate and created myths such as Oedipus and The Fates to illustrate the outer powers that control our lives. These ideas have of course been continued throughout history and helped to shape our views on the true control that we hold over our future. Even in today's society of an ever-expanding work place with greater opportunities, we are constantly reminded of a fate like control whether it is from a religious influence or daily horoscopes. Hardy himself was obsessed with fate and it is a theme that runs throughout many of his texts such as ‘Far From the Madding Crowd' and ‘Mayor of Casterbridge'. It is this fixation with a predetermined layout of our lives that begs me to question the fact as to whether the character Jude is in fact destined to fail, no matter how hard he works or how pious he behaves. It seems that Jude's family history hides the preordained life planed out for him, with marriage a dark mystery never to be entered into lightly, if at all. McCourt also has to struggle not only past his own families history in the USA but also a society that seems to seal his fate as a low class Catholic Irishman wanting to better himself academically, as with Jude. So how can such similar characters that face such comparable lives end up with completely different outcomes? Is it fate at work or merely a case of stronger and weaker personalities with less or greater determination? With such similar tales to tell but ultimately different endings it is easy to suggest that fate has ‘chosen' different paths for the two of our characters. Both McCourt and Jude seek to better themselves from the lower class upbringings they both share. McCourt lived not only through the poverty but the ‘pompous priests', the ‘shiftless loquacious alcoholic father', the ‘pious defeated mother' and the ‘bullying school masters'. McCourts early life in New York consisted of living in squalor with rags as clothes and sour milk as his food. After the death of his younger sister the McCourts family's problems seem to increase with his fathers alcoholism reappearing and his mothers depression reaching new heights. It was often left to neighbours to clean and feed McCourt and his siblings as lack of money caused Angela and Malachy, McCourts parents, the inability to provide the necessities for their children. The back setting of the American Depression, which is mentioned on various occasions, sets the context and helps to explain why the McCourt family is so poor aside from the wasted money on alcohol by the father. Jude's childhood as an orphan raised by his working class great Aunt is also one of low class stigmata's, although the poverty is not there as within McCourts memoirs. Jude appears to live a comfortable life with the necessities but never any of the riches that high or even middle class families may enjoy. Class division is a theme that runs through both novels and is a problem that both McCourt and Jude face throughout their lives. It is not until the move back to Limerick in Ireland and as Frank McCourt has aged that any class distinction becomes noticeable to the young McCourt. Because of the low class status Jude and McCourt hold as youths both characters find that they are unfairly denied many opportunities even though they both have the intelligence and eagerness to learn. Religion also plays a large role in both McCourt and Jude's life, but neither character is shown the mercy and lenity that the Church is supposed to offer its followers. Jude Fawely wishes to join the church as it is seen as an accademically significant career. The rejection Jude faces from his ecclesiastical betters in Christminster lead him to in turn dismiss the church and its believes. Jude finds himself in a ‘chaos of principles†¦ groping in the dark†¦ acting by instinct and not after example'. Hardy's novel is brimming with biblical allusions and quotations, yet it portrays a world in which displays of religious belief are largely a ‘luxury of the emotional and leisured classes'. Religion also has a large influence over the actions of Frank McCourt. It is also the Church that prevents McCourt having the opportunity to further his education as the Church runs his local Catholic grammar school, and due to his slum like appearance they reject him. As a child McCourt is in constant fear of the Church, its clergy, Hell and God. The Church is meant to be a service of guidance, but to McCourt its idea's conflict with his own feelings and emotions. For a long time during McCourts life he feels that he is already condemned to an eternity in hell. These feelings grew from his experiences, McCourt feels guilty about his own sexual feelings and actions, as well as any other small sin any young child would be likely to commit. McCourt's image of the Church is only increased when he returns to America and is propositioned by a priest on his first night. McCourt is left with the feeling that ‘God torments you'. Family history is a large problem that haunts both characters in these novels. Jude is placed under the impression that there is a curse on his family that prevents any successful marriage. His own parents ended up dead, which is seen due to their marriage, and his great Aunt has stayed away from marriage all her life, â€Å"The Fawleys were not made for wedlock: it never seemed to sit well upon us†. It is true that Jude's first marriage to Arabella Donn is a failure, however it is not the statute of marriage that seems to be the problem for Jude as even Sue Brideshead's avoidance of marriage can not prevent the ultimate failure of there partnership. It can also be said that the lower class upbringing Jude had been given by his Aunt led to the demise of any hopes Jude may have held to gaining a further education and career within the church. McCourt also holds some demons from his families past that he carries with him throughout his childhood and that surface during his adult life as well. The ‘curse of the Irish' is one that follows McCourt to America with him. His own Father's drinking problem that cast the McCourt family into poverty, is continued by a depressed Frank McCourt who believes he his failing in his dreams. McCourt always feels like an outsider in the same way that Jude always feels an inferior in the city of Christminster to the intellects that surround him.

LG Electronics and The Use of SCM Software Article

LG Electronics and The Use of SCM Software - Article Example The present research has identified that LG requires constant supplies of the goods that it produces in order to fulfill customers’ needs. In order to facilitate this process efficient and effective management of the supply chain is extremely important. Therefore, effective organization of all parties involved in the supply chain is critical as a result of their role in adding value. In fact, Christopher indicates that a supply chain is a network that consists of various organizations that play a part in performing processes and activities that adds value to product or service in the hands of the consumer. In order for all parties to achieve competitive advantage in the process, the flow of inputs and components from suppliers to LG’s operations has to be managed in such a way as to facilitate the minimization of inventory holding cost and the maximization of inventory turnover. The need for the use of technology to drive improvements and the use of SCM software cannot be ignored. Management of the supply chain is crucial to the success of businesses that manufacture goods and the internet plays a very important role in this regard. LG Electronics, Inc is a producer of consumer electronics, mobile communications, and home appliances. The company’s operations consist of four distinct business units – home entertainment, mobile communication, home appliance, and air conditioning and energy solutions. LG also has an international presence consisting of 117 operations. Worldwide sales in 2011 were USD 49 billion. In order to increase efficiency and effectiveness, LG has consistently sought to improve its competitiveness by improving the management of its supply chain. This article focuses on LG’s operations in India and its use of information technology to improve the management of its supply chain worldwide.

Honer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Honer - Essay Example Unfortunately, the experts stated that it was impossible to transform it to arable land. Despite this, Sheikh Zayed looked for alternative ways of improving this land. He chose to focus on planting of trees in order to limit erosion, and thus make the land more habitable. This approach proved to be a great success. This shows that despite the challenges he encountered, Sheikh Zayed continued to pursue his vision. His desire was to make the lives of people more comfortable in the country, and this he achieved. He developed a strategy that helped to achieve his vision as the leader of the UAE. Although Sheikh Zayed was not highly educated, his actions and utterances were reasonable and he always acted responsibly. He had a clear desire to provide the citizens of the UAE with basic needs such as education, healthcare and arable land. He vigorously campaigned for the education of the youth and adults. To him, education was the key to a successful and prosperous country. He also had a strong belief in women. According to him, women have an important role to play in the building of the nation. For instance, he once stated that â€Å"Woman is the maker of generations† and â€Å"I encourage woman to work in the positions that suit her nature and preserve her dignity as a mother and maker of generations.† I have tremendous respect for Sheikh Zayed and what he has achieved. I am motivated to continue pursuing the vision he had for the country based on the respect I have for him. One of the main reasons why the people of UAE talk proudly and passionately about their country and their leaders is because of the actions and good deeds of their leaders. This is because when a person treats others well, he is likely to be treated in a similar fashion by these people. In conclusion, there is one quote by Sheikh Zayed I would like to share: â€Å"Progress and renaissance are not to be measured by reinforced concrete structures, but rather by building human being and

Mongol Impact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mongol Impact - Essay Example Moreover, under the Mongolian regime the communication system greatly improved. As regards to the negative impact of the Mongol invasion, their plunders, devastations and loots executed throughout the continents of Europe and Asia is viewed as their potent negativity. They also raped and brutally treated the innocent citizens thrusting upon them their religion which can be seen as another negativity of the Mongol Conquest. Also, the blood-thirsty image of Chinggis (Genghis) Khan is a well-accepted fact unanimously affirmed by all the historians which cannot be undermined. Overall, the Mongol invasion did have much negative sides when they are treated as plunderers and invaders. However, the great development and unification the Mongols brought about throughout the continents of Asia and Eastern Europe cannot be undermined. The all-around socio-economic development did occur throughout the continents holding the hands of the Mongols under whom the Persian silk trade or the rapid development of communication took place (President and Fellows of Harvard College, 2013; Stetson University,

Assignment 4 - Investment Portfolio Management

4 - Investment Portfolio Management - Assignment Example on while a value of 4 suggests greater risk aversion Therefore, in this case the utility adjusted return needs to be calculated which is actually the market risk premium expected by the investor. The formula for calculating the utility adjusted return is as follows: Putting the values in the formula, the utility adjusted return is obtained to be 5.52% which is greater than the risk free rate. This return is adjusted for the risk borne by the investor and therefore is the expected market risk premium required by the investor. ii) The allocation between stocks and risk free assists will have to be done on the basis of the risk aversion coefficient of the investor. In this case, the investor has a risk aversion score of A = 4; which suggest that the investor is more risk averse and thus will always choose to invest the majority proportion of the funds in less risky assets. Putting the values given above in the aforementioned formula we obtained the expected return of the portfolio to be 13.81% (refer to excel sheet for calculation). The standard deviation was calculated using the standard deviation formula in excel which provided a value of 0.034 for the current portfolio of the investor. iii) The underlying reason behind the inclusion of fund C is the fact that it has the highest expected return with the same standard deviation. This suggests that an investor investing in fund C will realize greater returns by assuming the same degree of risk borne by an investor who invests in fund A. In addition, the correlation of returns with the current portfolio for fund C is the highest. This suggests that fund C best compliments the investor’s current portfolio. Therefore inclusion of fund C within the current portfolio would be an optimal choice. iv.) In order to calculate the expected portfolio return and standard deviation value of the newly formed portfolio which includes the index fund C alongside the previous stocks, the same formula that was applied while

TV Talk Show Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

TV Talk Show - Essay Example Thank you for making the time to visit. Host: Our second guest is Dr. Hassad Taufiq, a Muslim scholar who is an expert on Islamic history and global politics. Recognized globally for his pioneering efforts in promoting peace and ecumenism, Dr. Hassad's reputation truly is untarnished. Good afternoon, Doctor. Host: The question that we will resolve this afternoon is whether imperialism is an issue of economics or an issue of intolerance and racial supremacy. That is certainly a painful time in our history and for better or worse, has helped chart our collective destiny as a race. First of all, I would like to ask the two of you: what are your concepts of imperialism Hassad: Well, imperialism is one dominant state exercising power over a weaker state, with no other motive but to forward its own agenda and make the weaker state subservient. It is only motivated by selfish intentions. Denise: It's really not as simple as that. Imperialism can take on more subtle forms. There can even be imperialism in trade, as when a superpower takes advantage of its economic clout to make a third world country agree to its onerous demands. Similarly, it is so easy to couch imperialism in words like democracy and order. Denise: There is a great deal of economics involved, the need to accumulate wealth. Towards the end of the 1800's, Britain felt that America was slowly catching up and was becoming the new economic superpower. Threatened by these developments and wanting to protect valuable market share, Britain embarked on a strategy: imperialism. Host: How exactly did they go about that Denise: Well, they gained colonies for economic benefit and to increase their military might. They provided Britain with new markets and resources. Soon, the other developed countries like France, Germany and the United States followed suit. Host: What continents or areas where particularly impacted by this Denise: Oh, definitely, Africa. The continent was too weak at the time to defeat the European Army and the Africans were easily suppressed. When Henry Stanley claimed the Congo River Valley for Belgium, it started the greedy scramble for pieces of this fertile land. For instance, France got Tunisia and Morocco and Italy took Libya. It was all about money and profit and gaining strategic strength. Host: Do you agree, Doctor Hassad: Well, I agree that economics played a major part, but if we are to focus on economics alone, then I'm afraid that it does not reflect the entire breadth of the problem. It is inaccurate to limit it merely to that. Host: Why do you say that Hassad: I think that at the heart of it really is the propensity of human beings to think of other human beings that they perceive to be lower than them in stature as tools. Host: How insightful and provocative. Could you please expound further Hassad: Let me put it this way - the objectives were not only limited to acquiring resources. Captured people were no different

The Main Principles of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Main Principles of Management - Essay Example This makes them responsible for operational decision making and performance improvement (Hill, 2006). The third principle is an integration of effort whereby the entire organization moves towards a common objective regardless of one’s position in the organization. The fourth principle involves the business taking a lead in determining industry standards and practices, being out-front. The fifth principle is being up-front, meaning that everything is conducted with integrity and openness. The sixth principle is resourcing the medium term which means that the business is able to effectively balance short and medium-term requirements. The business is able to make orders and supplies in good time (Carpenter, 2009). The seventh principle is time-based. This calls for timely orders, supplies and dealing with emergencies as required. This helps in ensuring that employees do their work within a given time frame and deliver to clients in good time. The eighth principle is bias for action and this means that the business is good at implementing ideas and strategies. When ideas and strategies are shared out and not acted upon, they are not useful and do not improve the workers and business as a whole. The ninth principle is learning focus whereby everyone in the business gets involved in a learning or development programme. This ensures that the business grows as well as the people in and working for the business (Hill, 2006). The tenth principle is discipline. The business invests in policies, procedures and standards that are to be upheld, failure to which penalties are applied. The eleventh principle is that of measurement or reporting and publication. This involves measuring and reporting to the employees’ financial and non-financial performance information needed to excel. Customer value is the twelfth principle and involves all employees striving to enhance customer value creation. This helps in getting and retaining customers. The thirteenth principle is capabilities creation whereby business and organisational capabilities are defined as priority areas.  Ã‚  

The change in the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay Example for Free

The change in the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay The banquet scene is a pivotal one. Discuss this comment in terms of plot, staging, character and relationships, particularly the change in the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Act 3, scene four of Macbeth the play, by William Shakespeare contains many of the themes that run throughout the play, which make the scene such a pivotal one. A main theme of the play is witchcraft and the supernatural. This is symbolised by the witches, and Macbeths vow to visit them the following day- I will to-morrow (and betimes I will) to the Weird Sisters. and is also, more importantly, present in the form of Banquos ghost in the banquet scene. This theme of the supernatural is not only vital to the plot, but was written into the play specifically to please King James 1 of England. The play was written, and performed in 1606, with the aim of impressing the new king. Shakespeare knew that King James was greatly interested in witchcraft and the supernatural- so much so that the king actually wrote a book called Daemonologie all about supernatural occurrences. Therefore, in order to make the play appealing for the king, Shakespeare included witches and a running theme of the supernatural. Another feature of the play included for the new King, is the character of Banquo. The inspiration for the story actually came from real life, in 11th century Scotland, but was changed to suit the melodrama of a play. The character of Banquo was based on a real ancestor of King James, and this, therefore, associated the king further with the plot. Banquo is shown as the good character throughout, matching Macbeths courage and bravery in war, but lacking the ambition that grips him and eventually drives him to murder. This is shown earlier in the play, when the witches predict the future. Macbeths strong sense of ambition takes over and he follows up what the witches told him. Banquo, however, does not pursue the idea. An incident that greatly affects scene four is the murder of Duncan by Macbeth. This is the beginning of the line of murders that Macbeth commits- this he does himself, others using assassins- and where he effectively steps into the blood. It is here that the tragic hero makes his fate. It is, in fact, Banquos murder in act three, scene three that confirms the swing of doubtful wrong to definite evil for Macbeth. Macbeth himself confirms this change at the end of act 3 scene 4 by saying I am in blood steppd in so far, that should I wade no more returning were as tedious as go oer and we are yet but young in deed . Another feature of act 3 scene 4 is the obvious change in relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, and Macbeth and his Lords. Evidence of the first can be found earlier in the play, where Lady Macbeth and her husband have a very trusting relationship, and plot Duncans murder together. When Macbeth feels nervous about killing Duncan, Lady Macbeth reassures him, knowing exactly how to make him change his mind- Wouldst thou have that which thou esteemst the ornament of life, and live a coward in thine own esteem, letting I dare not wait upon I would, like the poor cat I the adage? It is evident throughout the play that Macbeth does not like people doubting his manliness I dare do all that may become a man; who dares do more, is none., and Lady Macbeth has obviously picked up on this. For instance in act two, scene four, when Macbeth has doubts about killing Duncan, Lady Macbeth says When you durst do it, then you were a man: and to be so much more than what you were, you would be so much more the man. After she says this, Macbeth goes ahead with the murder, showing the effect his wife has on him Lady Macbeth holds the same want of power as Macbeth, and both think of killing the king before talking to the other about it. This shows that they know the way the other thinks, and want the same things. When we first see the couple meet, Macbeth greets his wife by saying My dearest love which shows his obvious affection for her. However, scene four of act three is a pivotal one in terms of the relationship between Lady Macbeth and her husband. A massive change in the relationship is evident throughout the scene. Here we see that he has not let her in on the murder of Banquo, and as he hallucinates about Banquos ghost, he still does not tell her of his deed. Lady Macbeths love of her husband and fear of getting caught is shown by her desperate attempt to conceal his guilt and to get rid of the guests. However, the change in the relationship between the two is possibly more of a reflection on the change in Macbeths character, rather than the relationship its self. Macbeths growing distrust is also shown in this scene, resulting in the break down of the so far successful relationship between he and his wife. As he goes on in his plans, his circle of trust is slowly closing in and now even his wife, whom he plotted the first murder with, is on the outside. She is not aware that he has employed the murder of Banquo and Fleance, and she thinks the ghost he sees is that of Duncan. This also shows the difference in the twos view on their relationship. Lady Macbeth, at this point, has no idea that she is being left out of proceedings, and feels she and her husband have plotted together throughout. Macbeth however, knows that he has kept Banquos murder from her, and therefore is beginning to feel that her can not even trust her. This suggests that the breakdown of their relationship has more to do with a change in Macbeths character than the relationship itself. The distrust taking over Macbeth is also evident in act three, scene three, where he hires a third murderer to ensure that Banquo and Fleance are killed. The banquet scene not only shows Macbeths character becoming more guarded and distrusting, but shows his shift from good to evil. He decides that his crimes are such that there is no point trying to reform his character. His sense of right and wrong has disintegrated into a need for power. He no longer feels as much guilt for his murders, and sees no way out of what he has already done. This is shown in the line I am in blood steppd in so far, that should I wade no more returning were as tedious as go oer . The line we are yet but young in deed also shows that Macbeth has no intention of stopping the murders, and has more plans in mind. Another change in relationship that is evident in the scene is that of Macbeth and his lords. This scene is pivotal in that we see an obvious suspicion of Macbeth from the lords that until now has been very subtle. They are startled by their new kings behaviour, and begin to question him- What sights, my lord? Lady Macbeth picks up on this and becomes worried that her husband will reveal the truth about Duncans murder. This is shown by her haste to remove the lords from the room- Stand not upon the order of your going, but go at once. This is a contrast with the calmness at the start of the scene, where everyone is civilised and relaxed, and shows the disorder brought on by the death of Banquo and his ghost. The staging of the banquet scene is very important in terms of understanding the plot, especially the ghost. If done properly, the scene can be very effective, however if not, the idea of the ghost can become very confusing to the audience. The main issue when thinking of staging is putting the fact that Banquo is now a ghost and that only Macbeth can see him, across to the audience. This can be done in many ways, using different dramatic techniques. The first that could be used, is a cinematic projection of the character onto the stage. This could flicker slightly every now and again, emphasising the fact that the ghost is not real. The image would be of Banquo walking to the chair, and sitting down, projected onto a plain background or even just the scenery. I think this would be especially effective because the audience can see what Macbeth is seeing, but at the same time are aware that it is not real. While the image is playing, the rest of the cast could be brought into freeze frame while Macbeth reacts to the ghost, once again emphasising the fact that the ghost is only visible to Macbeth. The lights around the rest of the cast could also be brought down, adding to the effect made by the freeze frame. Meanwhile, a spotlight could shine on Macbeth, not only showing that he can see the ghost, but that he is now almost totally alone in his plans. Earlier it was he and Lady Macbeth that plotted together, but now he is on his own, trusting only himself. The projected image of Banquo would be the same character that played him in the performance however a costume change would be needed in order to make it authentic. The character would have to have rips in his costume, and blood and wounds on his face. This would show the audience that Banquo was in fact dead and this was his ghost. Costume change is a useful technique that would make the next idea more feasible. The actual character that played Banquo could play the ghost, and appear back on stage. This idea would be slightly less clear to the audience, but could still work. The character, once again, could have ripped clothes and blood and wounds on his face, although more care would have to be taken in order to make it clear to the audience that Banquo is actually dead. Lights could be used to great effect with this idea, for instance the main lights could go down, then lights could shine upwards on Banquo. This would give more of a spooky feel, and increase the feeling of the supernatural. Here, once again, a spotlight could be shone on Macbeth, signifying his isolation form the people he was once close to. Another way to do the lights would be to shine a spotlight on Banquo and Macbeth, leaving the others in the room in darkness. This would show that only those two were involved in the action, and could also signify the fact that they are the only two in the room that know of Banquos murder. Here, instead of using the technique of freeze frame the other characters in the scene could be moving around as they would normally be, but in silence. This would show that no one has noticed Macbeths strange behaviour yet. When using a real person, routes onto stage have to be thought of. Trapdoors could be used to give the idea that the ghost is just appearing out of no where, then disappearing, using smoke to camouflage what is happening. Another way the ghost could be hidden from the audience is just by using the wings. The ghost could enter from one side, then leave from the other, hiding in the wings, then reappearing. When the ghost enters the lights should be brought down, then brightened up again immediately as the ghost leaves. As the lights come up, the rest of the cast could come out of the freeze frame, or begin to talk if freeze frame is not used, showing that they had not seen the ghost at all. In conclusion, when considering staging plot and relationships, the banquet scene is a particularly important one. It shows a huge change in relationships between Macbeth and his wife, and his friends. It is here that the tragic hero can either redeem himself, or fall further into the clutches of despair. Macbeth chooses the easy option of continuing down the same road, blocking out the people he was once close to. Therefore, this scene is pivotal and shows changes in attitudes, relationships and, most importantly, character.

Article Analysis: Computerised Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

Article Analysis: Computerised Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ADEOLU AMOS ADEYEMO D240 EMA X246808X QUESTION: (A) Summarise the research article ‘An exploration of the therapeutic process while using computerised cognitive behaviour therapy’ (D240, 2010 The Open University). (B) Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the approach to research contained in the article. (C) Conclude by discussing which understanding of the counselling relationship you feel most drawn to and why. Word Count. 2000. PART A SUMMARY The purpose of this qualitative study on the use computerised cognitive behaviour therapy is to investigate the experience of clients when using computerised cognitive behavioural therapy and also to identify if it has the same effect as it would in face to face cognitive-behaviour therapy; given that high value have been placed on client-therapist relationships in success or failure of a therapy. The other purpose of the study is to explore the process by which clients are able to make use of unsupported computerised Cognitive-Behavioural therapy self-help therapy to aide their recovery (Davd G. Purves Dutton, Janet, 2013). In order to carry out this qualitative study, seven participants were recruited, six female and one male between ages 30 to 57 years on voluntary basis through newspaper advertisement; those recruited have had mild depression with some self-help experience in the past. Those recruited were screened with the use of questionnaire to make sure they were appropriate for the research. For the purpose of this research Blues Begone Computerised Cognitive Behavioural therapy program which was designed as self-help to fight the symptoms of fear and anxiety was used. Each participant was sent one in form of CD to be downloaded into their computers, each has thirty episodes. It offers assessment and personalised program of therapy as contained in CBT framework, with no interference from the researchers, though they were available for assistance ((Davd G. Purves Dutton, Janet, 2013). After completion of the programme, data were collected from the participant through semi-structured interview, the transcript of the interviews were analysed by the use of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method. Inter-rater reliability was used to reduce any bias that may impact interpretation of the data; the data was also checked by two autonomous raters but were familiar with conducting and analysing interview data ((Davd G. Purves Dutton, Janet, 2013). At the end of data analysis the research result shows four main areas of interest were discovered while carrying out the process of computerised Cognitive Behavioural Therapy activity. There was development of some reasonable relationship with self-help materials provided which was confirmed by five of the seven participants, the design of the program which cartoon provides warmth, humour and enthusiasm. It encourages them to form ‘relationship’ just as in real live therapeutic bond. However the computer was unable to provide immediate response to difficulty, and specificity as in human encounter therefore the users were unable to address their problems at a deeper psychological level. Also five participants expressed that they feel empowered because the program provided them information that altered their perspective on a specific issue, they were able to take information that are relevant they are to their situation and how that information can be used to address their situation without any assistance from a therapist. The third point raised was that the participants were stimulated with the way the program were presented in different colours, music, images and humorous cartoon, all these boost their engagement and helped some to think, this was seen as a form of interaction. The last finding was that the participants found how the structured of the Blues Begone helped them to break down their issues and handle them in a convenient way thereby regaining both sense of direction and individual control in the process ((Davd G. Purves Dutton, Janet, 2013). While the researcher was discussing the research it was suggested the environment created by therapist with warmth and empathy that enhance therapeutic change can be converted into self-help media to the extent that the user became engaged in the self-help process and motivated to undertake the work of change. Even with the participants not being able to experience the reaction and depth of face-to-face rapport, it did not reduce the worth of the cCBT intervention. And what the cCBT experience lacked in depth was made up for in participants involved with different features of the program to experience changes in thinking and develop new explanations to their problems. It was also suggested that while cCBT has the prospective of stimulating and facilitating individual process, as the responsibility of the work of therapy lies with the client. It also confirms the idea that in self-help effort the client is indeed the main cause of change. It also suggested that the implication for pra ctice was talking therapy services are to offer self-help or guided self-help intervention before receiving face-to-face therapy. PART B Discuss the strength and weakness of the approach to research (qualitative) contained in the article. Qualitative research can be defined as organised study that involves gathering and evaluating non-numerical data (D240, 2010 p.309). It is about the study of people in specific circumstances and usually in their own normal environment, Qualitative research usually aim to give support to the development of understanding, by arriving at a report and or interpretation of specific aspect of human experience. Qualitative research is different from quantitative research; quantitative research is mainly about gathering numerical (numbers) data usually through questionnaires, surveys to give explanation to a specific phenomenon and in most cases it involves larger group; hypothesis is usually given at the beginning of the research unlike qualitative research (D240, 2010). There are different means of collecting qualitative data, among which are interviews, open-ended questionnaires, diaries and recordings made during counselling therapy sessions (D240, 2010 p. 309). The style of qualitative research used dictates the method that will be used to construct meanings, for instance there are different guidelines that can be used to analyse interview data which includes empirical phenomenology, grounded theory and interpretative phenomenological analysis. However another school of thought believed that meaning is made up between people through their use of language; in view of this idea analysis of dialogue and everyday talk is taken as sources of meaning (D240, 2010 p. 309). In this type of qualitative research approach, there are different methods of analysing different aspects of language. Discourse analysis, conversation analysis and narrative analysis. The discourse analysis for example focuses on how an individual position herself or himself within wi de-ranging culturally based ways of talking while conversation analysis is on the way meaning is created in the moment by moment interaction between talkers. Narrative on the hand emphasises the stories someone tell about his or her lives as vital elements of meaning (D240, 2010 p. 310). However whatever way of conducting qualitative is chosen there are sets of standard procedures to follow. It starts with researcher identifying question or issue to explore; this is followed with the creation of text which can be in for of diary, interview transcript or a recording session of a therapy to represent the phenomenon. The researcher will now have to deeply involve himself or herself for its meaning to come out, after which the act of interpretation will be transferred to appropriate audiences in a report format (D240, 2010 p.310). One of the strengths of qualitative research approach is in its ability to provide a thoughtful and description of people’s understandings of a phenomenon which cannot be understood in terms of numbers; example can be taken from the article, most of the participants felt empowered during the course of cCBT program, this type of feeling cannot be quantified in numbers. Also qualitative research approaches permits some amount of flexibility in the conduct of a certain study which indicates that the researcher do not have to use a definite type of data collection method towards the investigation but can be flexible in using a variety of methods to collect data.; it helps the investigation of complex or difficult topics if a bond of trust develops between the investigator and the participants; and aided investigators to make connections between diverse facets of people’s life, like domestic issues, work and leisure. Another good thing about qualitative research approach is that as a researcher you have the capability to interact with participants in the language they understand and most importantly on their positions. After identifying the process involved in conducting qualitative research and how good it can be to unearth the hidden fact that quantitative research cannot give answer to, some weaknesses have also been noticed. One of these weaknesses is in the focused group which are always small which means the results are most likely to be valid for that specific focused group. In that wise generalisation cannot be made as will do with quantitative research results. Another point is because qualitative researches pay more attentions on depth, it may mean that collection and the analysis of data materials can take a long time, and if that is case the economic and human resources costs may be high. Also there could be doubt in accuracy of the interpretation of the investigator; the investigator/researcher as a human-being just like participants may have their own biases to consider when carrying out the research process. And again because qualitative research involves small group of participants, other academic researchers might not take the outcome of the research seriously. PART C COUNSELLING RELATIONSHIP I FEEL DRAWN TO AND WHY. The relationship that develops between a client and therapist has been described as a very vital aspect of counselling process; therefore sustaining a good therapeutic relationship is essential. A good therapeutic relationship between the counsellor and client across all therapeutic approach to counselling has been suggested to be one of the best factors that lead to successful therapeutic results (D240, 2010 p.259). The counselling relationship I feel drawn to is from therapeutic alliance perspective, it involves all essentials of the relationship needed with the bonding between therapist and client (D240, 2010 p. 261). I believed that collaboration between the client and the therapist, with full focus on the clients and their essentials needs and set goals will help the clients to improve their coping strategies and be able to help themselves, while enabling positive therapeutic environment to help in exploring their past and presen t issues without passing judgement. Among the factors identified as necessary for development of therapeutic alliance is empathy; it is defined as the capability of the counsellor to have thoughtful of the world of the client and be sensitive to their experience in a moment-by-moment manner (D240, 2010 p. 262). It was suggested that there is prove that empathy is effective in bringing about positive therapeutic change more than individual technique (Bohart, Elliott, Greenberg and Watson, 2002 cited in D240, 2010 p. 262). It is about going into client’s world and sees things from their own perspective. Partnership between the client and therapist in some counselling approach start with shared goals and expectations that are deliberated and agreed upon for the therapeutic work they are working towards, recognition of tasks to be performed by each person can hold the relationship together. I believed that therapeutic alliance should start from the time initial contacts were made with the client by showing attributes of respect, candidness, understanding and it is stated in the client-therapist contract. The contract usually sets out boundaries, roles, responsibilities and expectations on both sides. Other characteristics of therapeutic alliance are active listening to clients and make them know that they are being heard and understood, therapist to be aware of verbal and non-verbal communication. I do believe in given objective feedback either positive or negative; both are believed to be important in improving outcomes (D240, 2010 p. 264). Although at the same time I will be mindful of any negative feedback I give so that it will not create more problems for the client having realised that people process information in a different way. Also on my role, I prefer to work together with client on equal levels that is adult-adult/friend-friend type of relationship to deal with presenting issues (D240, 2010 p. 267). REFERENCE Barker, M. Vossler, A. and Langdridge, D. (2010) D240: ‘Understanding counselling and psychotherapy’, London, Sage for The Open University. David G. Purves and Dutton J, (2013) An exploration of the therapeutic process while using computerised cognitive behaviour therapy: Linking research with practice, DOI: 10.1080/14733145,2012.761259 SELF-REFLECTION The area I found interesting is the counselling relationship, understanding it makes me confident on how to engage with clients The areas I found difficult was research summary and I struggled a bit with discussion on strength and weakness of qualitative research method.

Colonial Democracy? Essay -- essays research papers

Did democracy exist in the colonies during the eighteenth century before the American Revolution? Democracy is rule by the people, simply put. This on a large scale is nearly impossible. How could all the people of America, then or now, or even of a decent size town today all come together to vote on issues. We today have a representative Democracy, which in itself is a logistical compromise on a true democracy. In analyzing the government they had in the colonies and comparing it to the â€Å"Democracy† that we have today there are enough similarities that I would have to call the form of colonial government Democratic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the colonies, not everyone was allowed to vote this was certainly not democratic, but the criteria to be able to vote weren’t very extensive. The only real requirement was the owning of land. This today we might see as a hard thing to obtain. In those days land was very cheap. To make it even easier to obtain, laborers were paid well. This gave immigrants the ability to earn enough money to buy land in a short time, and farm it on their own. This also is the reason labor was in high demand, so many of the labors bought their own land and moved off to it. Labor was in short supply for this reason, and thus laborers were paid well. More than ninety percent of the people were farmers, most of who owned their own land. All these people would be able to vote.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If you were to compare the percentage of thos...

Black And White Essay -- essays research papers

Black and White   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Following the Civil War, just prior to the turn of the century, many American novelist were writing more freely of the previous slave culture. Two of these writers being Mark Twain and Charles Chesnutt. Mark Twain was a popular â€Å"white† author by this time. Charles Chesnutt, the son of free blacks, decided to pursue a dream of becoming an author in order to remove the spirit of racism. By studying these authors in particular, the views of a white raised in the slave holding south are juxtaposed with the views of free black. Both Twain and Chesnutt satirize whites in different ways through their literature. Twain also displays some unfavorable preconceptions of blacks. This can be attributed to his own upbringing in the slave holding south.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main character of the Chesnutt stories is an old Negro man, previously a slave, who engages his new white employers in many tales about life on the plantation. Uncle Julius relays these stories with much detail. Though, at the conclusion of each, the reader is left wondering whether the tale was true or if Uncle Julius had conceived of it merely to satisfy his own desires. Chesnutt has added to the end of each story an ulterior motive of Uncle Julius that seems to be met by the telling of his tales. By doing this, Chesnutt discretely satirizes whites in general.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the first story, The Goophered Grapevine, Uncle Julius tells of a conjure woman putting a â€Å"goopher† on the grapevines, causing all blacks that eat the grapes to die within one year. This story is relayed upon the first meeting of the northern white couple (John and Annie) and the native South Carolinian. After telling his tale of Henry and the others that suffered from this spell, Uncle Julius concludes that these northerners should not buy this vineyard, adding conveniently that he is not afraid to eat the grapes because he know the â€Å" ole vimes fum de noo ones.† John decides to buy the farm in spite of Uncle Julius's warnings, but he does offer him employment as a coachman. It seems as if Uncle Julius had been trying to guarantee his usefulness on the plantation even after its sale. Was white man tricked into believing Julius' knowledge would be useful in the renewing of the vineyards? Chesnutt lets the reader wonder, but regardless of his tale being ... ... of blacks, especially her own black heritage. When scolding her son Tom for refusing to challenge the twins, Roxy blames his cowardice on â€Å"de nigger† in him. After noting all of the predominant white members of his pedigree, she concludes that â€Å"de nigger† is his soul. Twain seems to have some assumptions of his own that blacks have no pride in their own heritage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Twain and Chesnutt both satirize whites, but in different ways. Twain, being a white, satirizes the slave holding south, rather than whites in general. Chesnutt, on the other hand, uses a couple from the north in a story set in the free south. Chesnutt also is more descrete in his satire, while Twain pokes fun directly. Twain also displays some of his own prejudices, being a white trying to explain the black culture. On the contrary, Chesnutt honestly portrays blacks from an inside perspective. Roxy was ashamed of the black blood in her, while Uncle Julius seemed to be a proud old man, happy to tell of his black friends and past. From the analysis these literary selections we can gain a greater understanding of racial views but, one may say that everything is not as simple as black and white

Marketing Chester Zoo to 16-to-24-year-olds Essay -- Business and Mana

Marketing Chester Zoo to 16-to-24-year-olds At the moment, Chester Zoo is the leading zoo in the country. It is a non-profit organisation and its mission is to support and promote conservation by breeding threatened animals, providing excellent animal welfare, high quality public service, recreation, education and science. Currently, their main source of income is from the admissions (see appendix 2B) Currently, the zoo is facing a marketing problem: The 16-24 year old age group is not visiting the zoo as much as expected to. (See appendix 7B) My task is to analyse the situation and come up with a solution. I shall do this by looking at the marketing strategy of Chester Zoo. Marketing is a continuous process of learning about and understanding a business’ customers and competitors, anticipating their customer needs, providing a suitable product at the right place, with the right price and the right promotion to attract customers. A marketing strategy is a plan that is evaluated carefully, for the future marketing of a business. It takes into account the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, together with the 4P’s (Price, Product, Place and Promotion), with these two areas in mind, a suitable plan is thought out. In this case, Chester Zoo will be looking to improve their marketing strategy to attract and keep more 16-24 year olds. My main research methods will be by: -Going to the zoo and interviewing the staff there. This is for me to judge the level of their service without any bias from other sources. -Consulting a range of sources, which have both primary and secondary evidence, including articles of quality from different media. This will help me see any trends over the years, and hopefully, their weaknesses and strengths. -I will also conduct a survey in form of a questionnaire aimed at 16-24 year olds. This will be to get a better perspective of the situation, to understand the reason behind the low visiting rate by this age group, anticipate their needs, and hopefully as an eye-opener to the solution. -Reading through various news report (related to Chester Zoo) -Reading about / visiting some of Chester Zoo’s key competitors to understand / see how they attract their customers of this age group. -Consulting some relevant business textbooks to further understand and improve my knowledge, especially about m... ...rket was students, so a ‘Student Card’ could be used. But what about the non-students? Some people may feel like their privacy is being intruded upon if they have to prove their age before gaining entrance into a zoo; as a result, they may choose to go elsewhere, and Chester Zoo would lose out. Some forms of identification could be false/ forged without the knowledge of Chester Zoo, and unfair entrance gained. There’s also a potential risk of losing customers from the other sectors, especially if they feel that the zoo has â€Å"changed†- they may lose the familiarity they already have. If Chester Zoo decides to carry out this scheme temporarily, when they revert to their â€Å"usual† fees, there is a chance that this situation will go back to the old problem of the 16-24 year olds not visiting as expected to but they may have retained some of the age group who may be visiting them regularly. As with most ventures, this is risky and daring. In theory, my proposal should work well, and serve to improve Chester Zoo’s marketing strategy. However, in practicality, this may not be the case, and in the end it will be up to Chester Zoo to decide whether or not this proposal is worth executing.

‘Everything Grew Larger Than Life in the Steamy Hothouse of Darwin and the People Were No Exception.’ How Important Is Place in This Novel?

Peter Goldsworthy’s Maestro demonstrates the importance of setting in understanding characters such as the protagonists Paul Crabbe and Eduard Keller. Written in a retrospective narrative from Paul Crabbe’s point of view and how the settings of ‘steamy’ Darwin, ‘suburban’ Adelaide and ‘hypocritical’ Vienna affected him. Upon moving from Adelaide to Darwin, Paul immediately falls in love with the ‘city of booze, blow and blasphemy’. Darwin is the backdrop to the sensual addiction Paul develops and feeds his heightened sense as a ‘steamy and lush hothouse’. Totally different from Adelaide, Paul thrives in the new setting, as his character develops. Paul meets Keller, the ‘Maestro’ in Darwin and is fascinated by the first impression Keller leaves upon him. The formal white suit Keller wears contrasts with the Swan, the dark and casual hotel he inhabits, symbolising Keller’s alienation in Darwin. Described by Paul as a ‘type of monastery†¦ a place for atonement’, Darwin and the Swan provide an insight into the Maestro’s character. To Keller, Darwin symbolises the social and cultural isolation he craves as atonement for the crimes he believed he had committed. Keller’s history affects him so deeply he was changed by it, and to Paul he is merely a ‘Nazi. ’ Upon reflecting, Paul found it strange to realise how much he ‘came to love the man, depend on him’ from his first impressions. As a teacher Keller taught Paul incomplete lessons of music and life that Paul comes to regret not appreciating. On Paul’s final night in Darwin he goes to the Swan with the intention of saying goodbye to Keller and then meeting with his girlfriend Rosie. Keller’s acceptance of Paul as an important part of his life is symbolised through the new chair and table he has purchased for Paul, finally ready to share his mysterious history. However, Paul doesn’t realise the confessional for what it was and with ‘the aroused sexual present’ overwhelming the past he leaves behind his broken teacher. Keller’s past and transition in nature from a ‘romantic virtuosos’ to strict teacher is shown through music and his descriptions of Vienna. After the Nazis rose to power, Keller describes the ballroom of Vienna being turned nto ‘the experimental laboratory for the end of the world’ demonstrating that Keller’s own world ended along with his love of Vienna. Keller’s love for his wife Mathilde gave him rubato, and ‘that extra littleness’ that Paul could never achieve. However, it buoyed his arrogance and belief of his own invulnerability which prevented him from real ising the danger his Jewish family were in, in Vienna. To Paul, Vienna represents a European city of culture and music but to Keller it is a reminder of his lost family and regretted choices. Vienna is also the cause of Keller’s mistrust and suspicion of beauty, as he says ‘never trust the beautiful’ is something Paul, as a young and naive man, can’t understand. Keller describes Vienna as a veneer, ‘hiding the hypocrisy within’ in an attempt to teach Paul the lessons he had to learn through awful experiences. Paul and Keller’s natures are contrasted by Goldsworthy in Maestro and their similarity is what causes Keller to endeavour to teach Paul. The confessional that Paul snubbed, a privilege that he failed to realise through selfishness and sensual addiction, was Keller’s explanation and he told Paul this as he called out ‘I tell you this, not for me, but for you. ’ Paul’s rejection of the deep connection he shared with Keller is something he would come to regret as he strove to defy the limits of perfection Keller had shown him. When Paul leaves the setting of Darwin to attend school, he takes an arrogance that let him believe Keller ‘had taught all that was in his power to teach. In comparison to ‘lush’ Darwin, Melbourne and Adelaide are mundane and suburban and perhaps symbolise the direction Paul’s future will take, as he rejected Keller and the incomplete lessons he strove to teach. Paul realises he can’t bridge the tragic gulf between talent and genius in his travels of Europe as he ignored Keller’s advice of ‘a little hurt now, to save a wasted life’. Vienna is a city of culture and music to Paul and the setting is important in understanding how he differs from his mentor, the Maestro. The settings of Goldsworthy’s Maestro are important in understanding the history and context of each character and their actions. The settings are significant in the novel as they contrast the characters to their surroundings and develop meaning such as Keller’s chosen isolation in Darwin. Each place in the novel symbolises differences and similarities and Goldsworthy positions the reader to observe the way the character understands and interacts with their surroundings, be it Darwin, Adelaide, the Swan or Vienna.

Managing Health and Safety at Work Act Essay

Review of health and safety roles and responsibilities Identify 2 pieces of legislation relating to health, safety and welfare relevant to the workplace I have identified, The Health and safety at work act 1974 and Management health and safety at work regulations 1999. The health and safety at work act 1974 is the primary piece of legislation covering all work related health and safety in the UK. It sets out employers responsibilities for your health and safety at work. The Management of health and safety at work regulations make the assessment of risks a cornerstone of UK health and safety requirements. Duties statute law imposes on both the manager and the team and the managers responsibilities contained within the organisations health and safety policy. The most important responsibility as an employee is to take reasonable care of your own health and safety and if possible avoid wearing jewelry and tie hair back when using the machines. To take reasonable care not to put other people , fellow employees and members of the public at risk by what you do or don’t do in the course of your work. You should co-operate with your employer, making sure you get proper training and you understand and follow the company’s health and safety policies. An employee should never interfere with or misuse anything that’s been provided for your health, safety or welfare. It is your duty to report any injuries, strains or illnesses you suffer as a result of doing your job. You should always tell your employer if something happens that might affect your ability to work eg becoming pregnant or suffering an injury. All employers must make the workplace safe and prevent risks to health and ensure that the machinery is safe to use, and that safe working practices are set up and followed. The employer needs to provide adequate first aid facilities and tell you about any potential hazards from the work you do and give you information, instructions, training and supervision as needed. Emergency plans need to be set up in case of emergency. Make sure that ventilation, temperature, lighting, and toilet, washing and rest facilities all meet health, safety and welfare requirements. Check that the right work equipment is provided and is properly used and regularly maintained. Ensure that the right warning signs are provided and looked after.Report certain accidents, injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences to either the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) or the local authority, depending on the type of business. Explain what is meant by a ‘competent person’ in your workplace A competent person is someone who has sufficient training and experience or knowledge and other qualities that allow them to assist members properly. The level of competence required will depend on the complexity of the situation and the particular help you need. When getting help you should give preference to those in your own organization who have the appropriate level of competence which includes the employer themselves before looking for help from outside. You must consult health and safety representatives in good time on the arrangements for competent help. Identify 2 ways you can provide health and safety information, instruction and training in your team One way you can provide health and safety information is by using leaflets and posters around the work place. You can get these from various sites including: – Sector Skills Councils (www.sscalliance.org.uk); – UK Commission for Employment and Skills (UKCES)(www.ukces.org.uk); – trade unions or trade associations; – further education colleges; – private training organisations; – independent health and safety consultants; – employer bodies (eg Chambers of Commerce); and – qualification-awarding bodies. To find a course leading to an accredited health and safety qualification look at the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority website www.qca.org.uk/qualifications. Secondly you could offer on the job training or classroom based learning individually or in groups. Computer based or interactive learning is a very fast, accurate and fun way of teaching the employees.

Economic Implications on Social Media Essay

The developments in the information technology sector have led to facilitation in information sharing across the globe in what has been referred to as social media. The internet has brought many changes in the way individuals across the world interact. Through the use of social media, individuals are able to exchange photographs, videos, post their thoughts on blogs and take part in discussions that takes lace online. Social media allows the people, organizations, companies and governments to be able to reach large numbers of people with a lot of ease. This paper shall give an overview of how the social media has impacted on the economic domain of development in the society by analyzing both the positive and the negative impacts. Social Media: Social media refers to the various internet based and mobile services which allows the user to take part in online exchanges, contributing user-created content and being able to join the online community. It also refers to the tools and technologies that enable an online interaction, networking, sharing and collaboration. There are various services internet services that are usually associated with social media which includes blogs, wikis, social bookmarking, social network sites, status updates services, virtual word content and media sharing site (Dewing, 2010). Blogs is a short form of ‘web log’ which can be described as an online journal in which pages are put on view in an overturned chronological order. The blogs can be hosted for free on various websites including WordPress and Blogger among others. Wikis on the other hand refers to collective websites in which anyone participating can modify the pages or create their new pages using a Web browser. A good example of a wiki is the Wikipedia which is a free online encyclopedia that utilizes the wiki technology. Social bookmarking sites are those sites which allow the users to share and organize links to websites for instance the Delicious, Digg, and Reddit. Social network sites are the web-based services which enables the individuals to build a public or semi-public profile in a delimited system. The individuals are also able to articulate a list of other users whom they share connection thus being able to navigate through and view their list of connections and those of others in the system. Such sites include Facebook, MySpace, and Windows Live Spaces amongst others (Dewing, 2010). Status-update services are also referred to as micro-blogging services are more like social network sites but they allow individuals to share short updates and also be able to view updates from others. A good example is the twitter services. Virtual world content on the other hand offers a game-like virtual environment for the users to interact. A good example of this would be the imaginary world that is created in Second Life whereby users can create avatars to interact with each other. Avatars are the virtual representations of the users. Media–sharing sites are those which enable the users to post videos or photographs for instance the You Tube and Flickr. It must be noted that some of these categories do overlap for instance twitter can be regarded as both a social network site as well as a stats update service (Dewing, 2010). Social media is capable of affecting the manner in which individuals interact online. Social media is known to open up new ways for cooperation and dialogue in today’s world. Most of the content posted in social media may remain there permanently at least by default. The content may also be accessible, replicable, and searchable. Social media can therefore be used anywhere, and at any moment provided that there is internet connectivity in the area. Such factors are responsible for shaping of the dynamics of the social media. The fact that the players in the social media are usually invisible raises various questions regarding the framework, correctness and unambiguousness regarding the communication. The identity and motives of those who post contents in the social media are not always clear (Dewing, 2010). Evolution of Social Media: The internet became popular in the last two decades and web sites which allowed individuals to create and upload content started appearing with the first network site said to have appeared in 1997 for the first time. The first social network site to be launched was called ‘SixDegrees. com’ and it was followed soon by many others at the turn of the millennium. In 2002, there was an upsurge in the number of social network sites with some surging to popularity only to fade in a little while such as the Friendstar. However, others were able to develop niche communities for instance MySpace appealed to adolescent music enthusiasts (Dewing, 2010). Towards the end of the first decade of the second millennium, social media was widely accepted, for instance; by the year 2009, Facebook made the announcement that its users were well over 350 million worldwide (Dewing, 2010). There are a number of factors that have led to a surge in the social media participation which include technological factors, social factors and economic factors. Technological factors include things such as readily available broadband, improvement in software tools, and the development of more powerful computer and mobile services. Social factors on the other hand include the rapid uptake of social media by the young generation while the economic factors include the growth in commercial interests in the social media sites and affordability of computers and related software (Dewing, 2010). Impacts of Social Media: Since the widespread usage of social media is a recent phenomenon, social and economic implications can only be barely understood. Some quarters hold the belief that social media is causing isolation amongst the people whereas others believe that social media has broaden democratic participation. According to a research conducted by statistics Canada; We should expect neither a dysfunctional society of loners nor a blissful society of happy net-workers. Rather, we are facing a society that is differently cohesive from the one we have known. There do not appear to be any significant differences in the number of social ties or in the amount of social interaction between Internet users and non-users. Instead, the Internet is providing ways of fostering participation with community members and enhancing relationships, including through social media (Dewing, 2010, para 10). Social media has also had economic impacts in regard to the manner in which what is contained in the social media is created and consumed. This can be summed up to the growth in the information and communication sector of the economy. In most economies, growth in this sector of the economy has been tremendous even surpassing the overall economic growth. Many business firms and organizations have also incorporated social media in their marketing strategies (Dewing, 2010). Socio-economic Impacts: The socioeconomic theory appears to be spearheading the deflationary cycle more than the financial or the political economics. Previously, the Keynesian and libertarian theories were believed to be the key players in the deflationary cycle. According to the socio-economic theories, it is claimed that in order for us to get out of the deflationary cycle, there is need to view it as both a sociological and fiscal problem. The solution is therefore to be found in the ground-breaking technology which promises huge profits to be used in investment so as to commence the next boom cycle, and snap the society out of the predicament created by the economic downturn. Social media could play a role in mitigating the damages that arise from the deflationary cycle. It could also be instrumental in the construction of the next opportunities for technological innovations (Fischer, 2009). Understanding the objective economic potential is very crucial and dependant on the revolution of the social media. Social media is known to utilize technology in enhancing the people’s ability to interact with others. Social media is to be found in interaction, connection, trust and relations that are driven by technology. In regard to business, this implies establishment of trust and channels of communication which supports and enables collaboration and building of engaged teams through the removal of barriers and frustrations that were created by conventional structures. Social media particularly in regard to collaboration has the potential to unlock the hidden knowledge in organizations when required. It also lowers the cost of software via open source cooperation, easing the finding of appropriate information, and making organizations to be more responsive. These are however cultural changes that occurs gradually. Nevertheless, the promise for change is there even though it might take much longer time. However, the technological investment that is required to bring about these changes is quite cheaply available (Fischer, 2009). With social media, change is bound to happen. Social media has the prospects of creating more effective organizations via the collaboration, â€Å"providing a greater variety of information services at low cost through mashups and open source, and a lower cost to product and service messaging, when the product and service has great appeal†(Fischer, 2009, para 7). Similarly, social media has detrimental impacts on the established industries. The conventional advertising media has become decreasingly effective due to the increasing numbers of the individuals who are networked and therefore attentive to one another. It is imperative to observe that; Friend of a friend referrals, rating sites or consumer oriented websites will become the norm and rely on their objectivity to maintain trust with their followers, therefore are not as subject to trying to manipulate their audience based on the promise of big advertising revenue (Fischer, 2009, para 8). There is no doubt that manipulation is part of the social media practice though the ability for any individual to broadcast and gain audience to the large network in the social media indicates that it is not an easy task and it is destined to be the exception and not the norm in the long run (Fischer, 2009). The distribution of retail products may also come to the forefront due to the social media influence. Due to the fact that e-commerce has been enhanced in the recent past owing to a revolution in the social media, some social observations have been made in regard to marketing trends for instance, there has been a relation drawn between the trends on how particular products are moved in the market. Such observations may be observed as ‘individuals who bought product X also bought product Y’. Large business organizations may also offer lower prices and utilize the social media to achieve the personal touch, a domain previously associated with small business organizations. This has been geared towards the ‘commodization’ of products that are produced on a large scale and the futuristic markets with the chances of realizing massive profits. The markets of the future are said to be niche markets that would require subject matter expertise and customization (Fischer, 2009). The gains of the social media in economic venture may be offset by the unsettling role associated with it in the conventional industries. In the past, any technological changes would result in obvious and simple routes to massive increases in the production and demand. However, with the social media, increase in productivity and demand over a short time is not palpable due to the fact that it requires cultural changes together with the technological transformations. Eventually, as the cultural changes are realized over time, massive increases in the production may be realized; however, in the short term social media can not be used to provide an obvious path for investment capable of leading to gains in effectiveness and productivity (Fischer, 2009). There is this argument that tightly knit society has the capability to survive economic stress better compared to a loosely knit society. Social media ensures that the world is woven in complex interactions and also offers individuals with something to do when they are not involved in an economic activity. This is motivated by what can be referred to as ‘reputation economics’ which is designed to motivate individuals to engage in activities such as creating open source software, report on events, and many more information services that would have required individuals to pay for before the advent of the internet. This allows for rich content and growth of valuable products to be carried out devoid of investment and yet with returns for instance a â€Å"business entity that hosts their websites on Linux servers or uses open office to create and manage documents† (Fischer, 2009, para 9). To add on the long term effectiveness of the social media which include the creation of complex systems like an operating system at relatively low cost; it could also enable the development of new innovations presenting a clear path that shall increase production and demand. The deflationary cycle that is predicted by the socio-economic theories could only be shortened if only we are able to find out the kind of innovation required and be able to bring it more quickly (Fischer, 2009). Social media is said to provide revenue to both the users and platforms. It has to be noted that social media better known as social computing is a driver for competitiveness. The effects of social computing may be seen on the industry itself for instance, the development in the social media or the information and communication technology sector. It can also be observed in other industries that uses the social computing. There is evidence that â€Å"more targeted marketing and user research which are reliant on user profiles and content interest are opening new channels to markets† (Pascu, 2008, para 11). There are emergent employment possibilities vial social networks and new opportunities to utilize user innovations in developing the products or as an intermediate between organizations and consumers (Pascu, 2008). The impact of social media can not be wished away as insignificant. This is because, faced with the modern reality where social media provides a platform for the consumers, competitors and the market place to discuss products, services and employees. All this is carried out online â€Å"whether it’s a protest group on Facebook (â€Å"United Airlines Sucks! â€Å"), a persistent hashtag on Twitter (#attfail) or just a meme that travels from blogger to Blogger† (Taylor, 2009, para 5). At this juncture, it does not matter as to whether it is of importance to probe into the social networks. What is of importance is whether one is paying attention to the social media where the message has gone to. This means that the customer to the company products is the one to define the brand in the market. This is quite challenging as it means that those organizations with acceptable products are bound to be reap benefits even with minimum branding and marketing strategies whereas those companies that are considered bad by the customers are destined to suffer from a bad reputation even when they spent more money to advertise themselves and try to position themselves as market leaders (Taylor, 2009). It is therefore important for organizations to take time and monitor what is going on in the social media. There are various services at the disposal of whoever would like to monitor the social media which include the individual services such as ‘Search. twitter. com’ and more complicated ones such as ‘Filtrbox’ and ‘Radian 6’. For successful business undertaking, there is need for organizations to embrace the social media which provides an avenue to engage with the customers. Interaction on the social media with the customers is crucial and thus joining these sites for creating new bully pulpits for the organization’s marketing and sales messages without proper interaction with the customers is not commendable (Taylor, 2009). The organizations can not be isolated from the social media as they create a powerful impression with the capability of having a lasting impact that may prove to be hard to change. Accompany with a bad reputation might score poorly even with spirited advertisement due to evaluations that are obtained from the social media. It is therefore important to address the problems that are affecting the organizations one by one rather than spending huge sums of money in advertising the products (Chong, 2010). Conclusion: Social media has been a new discovery in the information and communication sector and that its impacts on the economic development are worthy noting. The economic impacts of social media are two fold and may bring positive results or negative results to a business organization. With social media, the consumers of the company products are able to talk about the products, services and competitors and definitely such discussions are to impact on the business entity either for better or for worse. Social media can therefore have far reaching repercussions on the business organizations in terms of profitability. Reference: Chong, S. , (2010). Nothing Can save Negative Buzz on Twitter. Retrieved on 26th July 2010 from; http://www. penn-olson. com/2010/07/02/nothing-can-save-negative-buzz-on-twitter/. Dewing, M. , (2010). Social Media: 1. An Introduction. Retrieved on 26th July 2010 from; http://www2. parl. gc. ca/Content/LOP/ResearchPublications/2010-03-e. htm. Fischer, K. , (2009). Exploring the economic impact of social media. Retrieved on 26th July 2010 from; http://www. web20blog. org/2009/03/24/exploring-the-economic-impact-of-social-media/. Pascu, C. , (2008). ERoSC-The Socio-economic Impact of Emerging Social Computing Applications. Retrieved on 26th July 2010 from; http://docs. google. com/viewer? a=v&q=cache:dHneLXVRkYgJ:www. foresight-network. eu/index. php%3Foption%3Dcom_docman%26task%3Ddoc_view%26gid%3D352+Economic+Implications+on+Social+Media&hl=en&gl=ke&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShixNJSG5ddAxmDsp3_H0NmsZ-LetSdSeKnGykkb0y_4ruRrW-EstMaeGHfs16v1u66MJlBbpW-WIgVRxtCabedvJWeojTeW4mfj7Z70xD-y31hAWGz7VhQwakzAylysKUUV0NN&sig=AHIEtbRbStc-eBG_GjfGNgsEL-OmZ0oP8g Taylor, D. , (2009). What’s the impact of social media on business growth? Retrieved on 26th July 2010 from; http://www. intuitive. com/blog/impact_of_social_media_twitter_facebook_business_growth. html

Business opportunity Essay

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Communicable disease Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Communicable disease - Assignment Example A chain of infections is usually made up of 6 causing factors, these are; the infectious agent which are usually the disease causing organisms, the reservoir which is the natural environment the pathogens need for their survival, the portal of exit which is the means by which the pathogens leave the reservoir which is the infected person, the means of transmission which is usually either direct or indirect i.e. physical contact, unprotected sex, the air, or parasites, the portal of entry which is either inhalation, penetration or ingestion, and finally the new host of whom the disease causing pathogens attack. Immunity is the state of having total biological defense to fight disease as well as infections. There are two main types of immunity these are adaptive immunity and innate immunity. Innate immunity is the ability of one’s body to defend itself against infections naturally and it’s a form of body defense one is born with. However, adaptive immunity that is usually subdivided into various categories is a form of immunity that one acquires after weakened disease causing pathogen is introduced into the body making the body develop adapt and develop immunity. In September 2014 onwards, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) as well as other partners have spent countless efforts in investigating reports among children in the USA that have developed sudden weakness in either one of their limbs. MRI scans reveal that children with such symptoms have an inflammation of the grey matter nerve cells that are usually in the spinal cord located in the vertebrate. This infectious disease is Acute Flaccid Myelitis. From the month of August to April this year, CDC has verified reports of more than 118 children in over 34 states including Florida and the county of Miami Dade that have developed the disease. Majority of the children are about 7 years of age and due to the disease have been hospitalized and put

Demoracy and War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Demoracy and War - Research Paper Example In that direction, as hypothesized by various thinkers, democracies may maximally avoid indulging in war with other fellow democratic countries. So, this paper focusing on the theoretical bases for the hypothesis regarding the absence of war between democratic states, will compare the theories behind this hypothesis, including how they are complementary as well as competitive. The theories and theoretical concepts put forward by various thinkers on the above mentioned hypothesis of democratic countries avoiding wars within themselves, are constituted under Democratic peace theory. Also, known as liberal democratic theory or simply called as "democratic peace", this theory is being analyzed by various study groups in both in the current political contexts as well as historical contexts. The theory and the related hypothesis had origins in the 18th century itself, through the works of Immanuel Kant, but came into more prominent circulation and were also scientifically evaluated after 1 960s only. Kant foreshadowed the basis of this theory in 1795 in his essay named, Perpetual Peace, in which he hypothesized that if the geographical territories or countries are constitutional republics, voted by common people, then there are good chances of actualizing perpetual peace. Immanuel Kant (1795) argued that â€Å"majority of the people would never vote to go to war unless it was in self defense; that if all nations were republics, it would end war, because there would be no aggressors.† (cited in Okoth, 2008). This hypothesis came into more prominence and research study in the second half of the 20th century, after the Second World War, as more democracies came into existence throughout the world. If viewed from another perspective, thinkers supporting the democracy peace theory state that due to the rise of many democracies only major wars or even Third World War has not taken place. As Barkawi and Laffey (1999) states â€Å"a defining feature of world politics in the late 20th century is the decline in the frequency of warfare between industrialized states†, with the existence of a ‘zone of peace’ between the democratic countries being attributed as the main reason. This hypothesis is further supported by a number of recent wars or conflicts, as it primarily took place between non-democratic countries or between one democratic country and a non-democratic country, but not between two democracies. For example, both the Wars in the Gulf involving Iraq in 1992 and 2003 were between an authoritarian regime and a coalition of democracies, and it is the same in the case of Afghanistan. Even the earlier wars in Korea and Vietnam involved communist regimes. However, when one views the perspective of thinkers having contrary opinions to this Democratic theory, there are exceptions to this hypothesis. For example, the Kargil War that took place between India and Pakistan in 1999 involved democracies, as well as the Israel-Egypt c onflict. Although there were exceptions, democracies avoid going to war with fellow democracies due to some valid reasons. Democracies are mainly viewed as the best outcome of wars and other independence or liberation or resistance struggles. That is, in the aftermath of major wars and struggles, country

Classical Mythology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Classical Mythology - Essay Example Prometheus possessed the power of foreseeing the future and this blessing was bestowed upon him by his mother, the goddess Themis. Prometheus was basically a Titan that is the gods who ruled before the Olympians and were hence referred to as the old gods. He had assisted Zeus who was an Olympian in coming into power by designing a strategy against Cronos. It is believed that Prometheus had assisted the human beings in multiple ways which included the provision of literature and other skills. But his play principally focused upon the punishment that was imposed upon Prometheus by Zeus for his disobedience of Zeus’s commands of passing on fire to mankind. He was punished by being tied to a rocky mountain where he was taken to by Might and Violence. Hepheastus tied him to the mountain but he felt sorry for Prometheus unlike Might and Violence who do not want to disobey Zeus at any cost. Prometheus further invited trouble for him when he expressed the future of Zeus which accordin g to him showed the fact that Zeus would be overthrown by his own heir from his marriage with a woman. He refused to tell the name of the woman to anyone and Zeus uses all his force and power to make Prometheus reveal this secret. Prometheus is subjected to extreme pain and agony by being tortured with lightning and other methods. Animals eat his liver everyday which again generates every day. Not only this Prometheus has to suffer this forever as he is an immortal and a god and hence would not die. This play provides a good concept of the Greek mythologies. It is enriched with major characters of the Greek religion and learning. The play revolves around major aspects of religion and human beings. It explains the bond that exists between creation and the creator. This can be understood by the fact when Prometheus disobeys Zeus just in order to benefit the human beings as much as

Human resourses and communication skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human resourses and communication skills - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that modern improvements in information technology have provided freedom to employees to work anytime and from anywhere. This, in turn, has led to weakening of the tie between organizations and their employees. Many organizations have adopted computer- interfaced communication technology supplanting the formal hierarchical structure in coordinating and managing relationships within and between organizations. A number of organizations have been inspired by improvements in information technology and started experimenting with electronic ways of working comprising of working from satellite centres, mobile work among others. In setting up groups, there are norms that should be established with each member of the team actively participating. Attention should be paid to the content and also keenly shape and evaluate the means it employs in accomplishing goals. The team process should include the ways in which members interact, communicate with ea ch other, and communicate with employees who are not in the team and a responsibility of ensuring accomplishment of goals. Team players in an organization will include managers of different sections headed by the managing director. For an organization’s success, these people should first form a united team comprising of all the norms. For instance, a sugar-manufacturing factory in which the managing director does not treat his colleagues with respect and dignity and in which there is a lack of transparency is bound to fail. This according to norms under which a team should operate brings out the lack of proper communication between the team. A case of communication breakdown may arise in such a scenario as one in which a department requires information from another department to do its job, while the other department ignores the request or fakes an excuse. This can result into conflicts. Alternatively, the conflict can be created by giving circular responses. Such as giving u nsatisfactory response when an issue being sort has not been worked on. For example, a purchasing department requires a confirmation note from the finance department to make orders. The finance department on the contrary delays in giving the response. This slows down the processes of an organization and can lead to conflicts within. In this context, we learn that proper human resource management can be best achieved by streamlining the communication channels and ensuring that prompt responses are given to requests. It equips us with corporate wellness management skills that will help in understanding communication skills. Another aspect that could derail the operations of the organization is a lack of transparency. This should be embraced within the team as well as the employees. Employees are supposed to be genuine with each other in terms of ideas, challenges and be free to confide in the management. Managers are charged with the responsibility of opening up space thus freeing peo ple to ask anything they need without being intimidated. For instance, an employee collapses while at work simply because he/she did not have the platform to express her condition due to fear of being dismissed. Some companies have stringent measures on employee misconduct, which intimidate the employees (Condrey 2010). This poses a challenge specifically to the human resource manager whose credibility in the employees’ welfares will be doubted. In this, we learn another role of the human resource management, which is increasing the staff in an organization. Under this, the management is charged with among other things recruitment and selection of human resources, and management of a typical employment and termination situations. The strength of a proper management is invested in the energy and training its employees. A majority of firms are taking their employees for ethics training as one of the means of safeguarding the image of their firms. This should be geared towards i ncreasing the awareness of ethical conduct and familiarizing